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科普贴：初五----财神老大的生日
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财神老大生日快乐7 d1 n+ w# {4 X, S- D" z3 G
& P: K" K2 K0 {4 P旧俗春节期间大小店铺从大年初一起关门，而在正月初五开市。俗以正月初五为财神生日，认为选择这一天开市必将招财进宝。, Y1 n6 y/ Q6 p. z1 `3 ~
5 k- J9 J! n# G" g正月初五，俗称“破五”，是汉族民间“迎财神”的日子哦。从3日晚上到4日凌晨，许多人会通过燃放鞭炮来“迎财神”，但这势必将加重空气污染。事实上，除了放鞭炮之外，“迎财神”在汉族民间还有很多其他的方法。
5 ^6 M' p5 m( j) E) |' F' n: U7 l( N清人顾铁卿《清嘉录》中引了一首蔡云的竹枝词，描绘了苏州人初五迎财神的情形：“五日财源五日求，一年心愿一时酬；提防别处迎神早，隔夜匆匆抱路头”。“抱路头”亦即“迎财神”。信奉关帝圣君的商家，在正月初五要为关公供上牲醴，鸣放爆竹，烧金纸膜拜，求关圣帝君保佑一年财运亨通。
" ?: `0 E& h5 c9 ]+ B为何年初五成为了财神的“生日”，主要两个出处：一种说法是宋朝蔡京富有；另外一个说法，则与王元宝有关。王元宝，唐朝开元间人，富可敌国，靠贩运琉璃发家。王元宝的许多生活习惯如正月初五拜财神等对于天朝民风民俗有深刻的影响，流传至今。; s ~; s @3 s4 H# C
据民俗专家表示，迎财神之俗盛行于明清和民国时期，至今仍流传不息。财神分为文财神和武财神。文财神是比干，武财神是赵公明和关羽。有的商家，常年供奉的是武财神赵公明，以使自己在商业竞争中“宜利和合”而取胜；有的商家，供奉的是红脸关公，关羽以“义”著称，商家取其“以义为利”，即以“义”达到赢“利”的目的。还有的商家干脆将三人一起供奉。
) I u4 m# A3 `) i4 y老上海有抢路头的习俗。正月初四子夜，备好祭牲、糕果、香烛等物，并鸣锣击鼓焚香礼拜，虔诚恭恭敬财神。初五日俗传是财神诞辰，为争利市，故先于初四接之，名曰“抢路头”，又称“接财神”。至于燃放鞭炮，则于另外一个正月初五“送穷”的习俗有关，是天朝古代汉族民间一种很有特色的岁时风俗。相传这一天各家用纸造妇人，称为“扫晴娘”，“五穷妇”，“五穷娘”，身背纸袋，将屋内秽土扫到袋内，送门外燃炮炸之。
7 ?. o6 Q" u4 y其实，除了放鞭炮之外，汉族民间还有在初五打扫卫生的习俗，从每间房屋里把垃圾扫出门外。江南一代的百姓还有在这天讲究吃财神糕、下面条。因为面条长得像古时候串钱的绳子，下面条寓意给家里添“钱串子”，财源滚滚来。
3 H2 S$ g) [: u: \初五“迎财神”只是汉族民间广泛流行的一种习俗，反映了人们普遍希望辞旧迎新，送走旧日贫穷困苦，迎接新一年的美好生活的传统心理。其实除了放鞭炮之外，更需要自己的智慧和勤劳。
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初五是财神爷的生日？到底是哪天啊？去年9月4日就是财神爷的生日，我还中一台自行车呢 |
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